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Bridge Components and Classification

Bridge indicates a structure that is constructed to extend across natural barricades and for providing means of access for railroad, road, hikers, a tube or a channel. The barricades to be bridged could refer to a road, waterway, valley or railroad.

Bridge designs are in accordance with the utility of the bridge, the sort of territory wherein the bridge is developed and set, the essential material for creating it and the actual finances to build it.

Bridges are categorized in several ways:

Broad classifications comprise the sort of structural components utilized, how they carry, whether they are standing or movable and in accordance with the materials utilized.

Bridges are even classified by the way the forces of compression, tension, torsion, shear and bending are spread via their construction. Most bridges will utilize all the fundamental forces to certain extent, although simply some will last.

In a cable stayed or suspension span bridge, the components in stress will differ in accordance with position and form. In additional instances, the forces are spread among several components, like in a truss or not plainly understood to a common viewer like in a box beam.

Classification of bridge (with respect to shape or sort of superstructures): Beam bridge, Slab bridge, Arch bridge, Cable stayed or suspended bridge and Truss bridge.

Classification of bridges (with respect to construction material of superstructures): Stone bridge, Concrete bridge, Timber bridge, Steel bridge, R.C.C bridge, P.C.C bridge, Aluminum bridge and Composite bridge.

Classification of bridges (with respect to inter-span relationship): Continuous bridge, Cantilever bridge, Simply supported bridge.

Classification of bridges (with respect to the position of the bridge floor in accordance with superstructures): Deck through bridge, suspension or half through bridge.

Classification of bridges with respect to the technique of association of diverse component of superstructures: Welded connection bridge, Riveted connection bridge, Pinned connection bridge.

In respect to length of bridge: Long span bridge (over 120 m), Major bridge (over 60 m), Minor bridge (below 6 m - 60m), Culvert bridge (below 6 m).

In terms of operation: Viaduct (railroad or road across a river or valley), Aqueduct bridge (channel above a river), Highway bridge, Pedestrian bridge, pipeline bridge or rail-cum-road bridge, Railway bridge.

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