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Formula for Steel Calculation for Columns, Beam and Slabs in Construction
In steel calculation, L x D2 /162 is L x diameter x 162, where D is the diameter of metal and L is the length of steel.
Calculate Steel Quality of Column
- Imagine that you have a column with dimensions of 450 x 600 x 3000 mm.
- 8 nos. of 25mm diameter bars and 6 nos. of 20mm diameter bars.
- Three meters is the length of the bar. You may also have to calculate the weight of stirrups or ties in addition to the bar weight. Each tie measures 8 millimeters in diameter.
- Calculate the weight of 25 mm bar: 3 x (25)2/162 = 11.57 kg.
- If the number of bars is 8, then the weight of the bars is 11.57 x 8 = 92.56 kg.
- To calculate the weight of the 20 mm bar, multiply 3 x (20)2/162 = 7.40 kg.
There are 6 bars, so the weight of 6 bars is 44.4 kilograms.
Calculate the weights of stirrups or ties
- Hook Length = 75 mm or 10d.
- 45° Bend = 1d
- 90° Bend = 2d
- 135° Bend = 3d
Tie lengths A = (column width - clear cover + column thickness - clear cover) + 2 hooks - 90 ° bend - 135 ° bend
Cut length is (600 - 25 + 450 - 25) + 5(10d) - 3(2d) - 2(3d).
The cutting length is (575 + 425) + 2(10 x 8) – 3(2 x 8) – 2(3 x 8).
1064 mm is the cutting length
All ties cutting length can be calculated with this method.
Calculate the Steel Weight of Beam
Total beam length minus 2 clear cover sides + Development length (Ld) for both sides + Lapping length (if the beam length exceeds 12 m).
Beam Steel Quantity
- A total length of 56.6 m can be achieved by 20 mm bars.
- 16 mm bar has a total length of 171.35 meters.
- There are 190.65 m of 8 mm bars in total.
- Weighing 56.6 x 2469 = 139.74 kilos for 20 mm bar. One m bar is equal to 2.469 kg.
- For a bar of 16 mm diameter, the weight is 171.35 x 1.58 = 270.73 kg.
- One m bar is equivalent to 1.58 kg.
- Eight mm bar has a weight of 190.65 x 0.395, which equals 75.30 kg. One m bar is equal to 2.469 kg.
Slab Steel Calculation
Use the 10 mm main and cross bars in the slab. According to the given calculations, the beam length from Grid-(L - M) is 7443 mm, and from Grid-(1 - 2) 5320 mm.
A slab has a width of 7443, so if you divide the width of two slabs for calculating S2 slab steel, you will arrive at the thickness of a slab.
The slab S2 measures 7443/2 = 3721.55 mm.
Slab S2 measures 5320mm in length.
The main slab was laid on a short span and the crossbars on a longer span, as you know.
The number of bars = span length / spacing of bars + 1.
Calculate the number of bars of short span= 3721.5 / 150 +1 = 25.81, approx. = 26.
Count the number of bars of the long span = 5320 / 150 + 1, approximately = 36.
3721.5 mm is the short span length.
5320 mm is the long span length.
Calculating short span length = span length + crank length - 45° bend.
= 3721.5 + 0.42D – 2(1d).
D = thickness of slab - 2 side clear cover - bar diameter = 150 - 50 -10 = 90 mm.
This is 3739 mm = 3721.5 + 0.42 x 90 – 2 x 1 x 10.
Bars within a chart 26, is the short span.
Total length of the cutting
26 x 3.739 equals 97.21 meters.
Cutting Measurements
The length of the long span is 5320 + 0.42 x 90 - 2 x 1 x 10 = 5337.8 mm.
Number of bars is 36 is the long span.
Total length of the cutting
The area is 36 x 5337.8 = 192.16 m2.
To get more clear ideas, go through the following exclusive construction video tutorial.
Lecturer: Engineer Boy
Short span bars
There is a weight of 59.97 kg when 97.21 times 0.617 is multiplied. The value of (0.617=102/162) is 0.6217.
The short's weight
The span bar weighs 118.56 kg, which is 192.16 x 0.617.
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