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Types of Foundation and Footing used in Building and House Construction

Various sorts of foundations are offered as per the sort of structure, allocation/distribution of loads sort/type as well as sub soil’s capacity, existence as well as water table’s level, and more.

1. Isolated Footing: Isolated footing is described as the footing that is offered underneath the column to spread the loads securely towards/to the bed soil.

That sort of footing is utilized to assist single columns as well as at the time the columns are organized approximately at significant distance. That is highly reasonable sort of footing.

Various well-known forms in the footings plan are: 1) Rectangular Isolated Footing 2) Square Isolated Footing 3) Slope Footing.

2. Combined Footing: That structure supports the load of 2 or additional columns. Moreover, they are built in trapezoidal or rectangular in form. That footing is required at the time isolated construction overlays/overlaps. Also, low soil bearing is the major causes of obtaining the united/combined footing positioned.

Various famous forms in the footings’ plan are: 1) Trapezoidal Combined Footing 2) Rectangular Combined Footing 3) Elliptical Combined Footing.

3. Strip Footing or Continuous or Wall Footing: A strip footing or wall footing is a concrete’s continuous strip that caters to distribute the load-bearing wall’s weight over/across a soil’s region/area. Moreover, it is the part of a shallow foundation.

4. Strap Footing: It is a sort of combined footing wherein 2 separated/isolated columns are linked through a strap beam. These footings shift the loads out of/from external column to the internal one, forming bending movement as well as share force within/in strap beams.

5. Mat or Raft Footing: A raft foundation, even known as a mat foundation, is basically a continuous slab situating/lying on the soil that reaches over the whole footprint of the structure/building, thus assisting the structure as well as shifting its mass/weight towards the land/ground.

6. Pile Footing: It is needed with regard to low bearing soil to obtain the utmost assistance for the structure. Furthermore, piles appear/come in perpendicular/vertical structure/arrangement that are pierced/drilled into the land/ground for obtaining the required withstand capacity out of/from the deeper/deep soil layer. Moreover, the foundation is situated on piles that remain distinct or in cluster underneath the soil. The foundation’s load is passed/transmitted to the deep/deeper soil through those piles.

7. Well Foundation: Well foundation is a sort of deep foundation that is usually offered beneath the water level with regard to bridges. Furthermore, well or Cassions have been in utilization with regard to bridges’ foundations as well as additional structures from Roman as well as Mughal periods.

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Lecturer: Civil Study